The hazardous air quality poses severe health risks, particularly for vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing respiratory or cardiovascular conditions. The high levels of PM 2.5 and PM 10 can lead to respiratory distress, eye irritation, and long-term health complications. The toxic haze has also caused significant visibility issues, potentially increasing the risk of road accidents. The combination of firecracker emissions, stubble burning, and other pollutants has made New Delhi one of the most polluted capitals globally, further exacerbating public health concerns.